1. What is the Tonnage Equation?

The tonnage equation calculates the force output of a hydraulic cylinder based on the system pressure and piston area. It's essential for determining the capacity of hydraulic systems in various applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the tonnage equation:

Where:

• \( Pressure \) — Hydraulic system pressure in pounds per square inch (psi)
• \( Area \) — Piston area in square inches (in²)
• 2000 — Conversion factor from pounds to tons (1 ton = 2000 lbs)

Explanation: The equation converts the force generated by hydraulic pressure into equivalent tons of force.

3. Importance of Tonnage Calculation

Details: Accurate tonnage calculation is crucial for designing hydraulic systems, selecting appropriate cylinders, and ensuring safe operation within system limits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter pressure in psi and area in square inches. All values must be positive numbers. The result will be displayed in tons.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between theoretical and actual tonnage?
A: Theoretical tonnage is calculated from pressure and area, while actual tonnage accounts for system efficiency (typically 85-95% of theoretical).

Q2: How do I calculate piston area?
A: For circular pistons, area = π × (radius)² or π × (diameter)²/4. For other shapes, use appropriate geometric formulas.

Q3: What are typical pressure ranges for hydraulic systems?
A: Common ranges are 1500-3000 psi for industrial systems, up to 5000 psi or more for high-pressure applications.

Q4: Why is tonnage important in press applications?
A: Proper tonnage ensures the press can generate enough force for the forming operation without overloading the system.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for pneumatic systems?
A: The same formula applies, but pneumatic systems typically operate at much lower pressures (80-150 psi).