1. What is Flow Rate?

Flow rate is the volume of fluid that passes through a given surface per unit time. It's a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics and is used in various engineering and physics applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the flow rate equation:

Where:

• \( q \) — Flow rate (m³/s)
• \( v \) — Velocity of the fluid (m/s)
• \( a \) — Cross-sectional area (m²)

Explanation: The equation shows that flow rate is directly proportional to both the velocity of the fluid and the cross-sectional area of the pipe or channel.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Flow rate calculations are essential in designing piping systems, water supply networks, HVAC systems, and in various industrial processes involving fluid transport.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter velocity in meters per second (m/s) and cross-sectional area in square meters (m²). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should I use for the inputs?
A: The calculator expects velocity in m/s and area in m². Convert your measurements to these units before input.

Q2: Can I use this for gases as well as liquids?
A: Yes, the basic flow rate equation applies to both liquids and gases, though gas calculations may need additional factors for compressibility at high pressures.

Q3: How do I measure cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes, area = π × (radius)². For rectangular ducts, area = width × height.

Q4: What if my flow is turbulent?
A: This calculator gives theoretical flow rate. Actual flow may differ due to turbulence, friction, and other factors not accounted for in this simple equation.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides the theoretical maximum flow rate. Real-world systems will typically have lower flow rates due to friction losses and other factors.