1. What is Charles' Law?

Charles' Law states that the volume of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to its temperature on the absolute temperature scale (Kelvin) if pressure and the amount of gas remain constant.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Charles' Law equation:

Where:

• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( T_1 \) — Initial temperature (K)
• \( T_2 \) — Final temperature (K)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume (L)

Explanation: The equation shows that as temperature increases, volume increases proportionally when pressure is constant.

3. Importance of Charles' Law

Details: Charles' Law is fundamental in thermodynamics and helps predict how gases will behave when heated or cooled. It's essential in engineering, meteorology, and various scientific applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial volume in liters, temperatures in Kelvin. All values must be positive numbers. Remember that 0°C = 273.15K.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why must temperature be in Kelvin?
A: Kelvin is an absolute temperature scale where 0K is absolute zero, making the proportional relationship valid. Celsius or Fahrenheit scales would give incorrect results.

Q2: What are the limitations of Charles' Law?
A: It only applies to ideal gases at constant pressure. Real gases deviate slightly, especially at high pressures or low temperatures.

Q3: How do I convert Celsius to Kelvin?
A: Simply add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature. For example, 25°C = 298.15K.

Q4: What happens if pressure changes?
A: Charles' Law doesn't apply. You would need to use the Combined Gas Law or Ideal Gas Law instead.

Q5: Can I use this for volume changes at constant temperature?
A: No, for constant temperature volume changes (isothermal processes), you would use Boyle's Law instead.